Introduction and Initial Task
Write a departmental outline plan for your researchers detailing the different methods of researching using a case study to exemplify your guidelines. This outline plan must comprehensively explain the nature and purpose of research in your chosen media industry with elucidated examples, consistently using subject terminology correctly.
Research methods
In primary research you can gather information by yourself through:
Questionaires: a set of printed or written questions with a choice of answers, devised for the purposes of a survey or statistical study.
Surveys: Surveys are questions template is designed to collect information regarding to your research which helps the filmmaker understand the needs of the viewers through a selective amount of questions.
Focus groups: a group of people assembled to participate in a discussion about a product before it is launched, or to provide feedback on a political campaign, television series, etc.
Face-to-face Interviews: a meeting of people face to face, especially for consultation to see emotional type of reactions when talking about a specific topic since its more personal than generalised.
Primary research leaves you ensured that all the information gathered is correct and what you should remember is how you can always update any information if its required.
Secondary research is practically the opposite to primary research as all the information you find would have already been researched by someone else. This may be very useful if you have troubles finding first hand type of information. A good type of secondary research would be BARB (Broadcasters Audience Research Board) which is a website which measures all the views on TV's as well as show ratings because its a television research agency. This can assist any company's in finding ways to improve whatever they produce. The only issue with this type of research would be the fact it may be inaccurate. Below is a table with different types of research, their significance and impact on the creative industries.
Questionaires: a set of printed or written questions with a choice of answers, devised for the purposes of a survey or statistical study.
Surveys: Surveys are questions template is designed to collect information regarding to your research which helps the filmmaker understand the needs of the viewers through a selective amount of questions.
Focus groups: a group of people assembled to participate in a discussion about a product before it is launched, or to provide feedback on a political campaign, television series, etc.
Face-to-face Interviews: a meeting of people face to face, especially for consultation to see emotional type of reactions when talking about a specific topic since its more personal than generalised.
Primary research leaves you ensured that all the information gathered is correct and what you should remember is how you can always update any information if its required.
Secondary research is practically the opposite to primary research as all the information you find would have already been researched by someone else. This may be very useful if you have troubles finding first hand type of information. A good type of secondary research would be BARB (Broadcasters Audience Research Board) which is a website which measures all the views on TV's as well as show ratings because its a television research agency. This can assist any company's in finding ways to improve whatever they produce. The only issue with this type of research would be the fact it may be inaccurate. Below is a table with different types of research, their significance and impact on the creative industries.
case study - thinking of you
Katy Perry's music video for Thinking of you is created with narrative settings used to tell us her story which relates to her lyrics. Created in 2009, Katy revealed on her blog how she was creating her second music video specifically made for commercial release. It addressed the impact women has to withstand during World War II as her beloved left for war. Camera angles and editing are used to exaggerate the World War II theme by activating the audience's emotions. This is displayed through a close up taken from her shoes and when Katy reaches out towards her drawer removing a picture of close ups of her lover who appears to wear military clothes symbolizing the era as those would most commonly be worn during that period Katy Perry stares into the mirror with a full face of makeup. The motif for this is how makeup is used as a cover up the full story of her emotional truth as its hidden away. As a result, there would be an increase in her overall promotional factor in her records being sold due to the increase in interest. Soon after, a pan movement is used as we see her new lover asleep filmed in an aspect of how she views him as the camera moves to his face and built body.
A new established shot conveyed her previous life before her lover went to war. Lighting elements became brighter and settings more romantic. These romantic gestures, such as their bright smiles around each other or spending time during sun set while sitting in a field is used to convey their happiness around each other. The director uses video editing cuts which are usually seen in pop videos to a panning shot from Katy Perry to her new lover lying down as she sings ''I guess the second best is all I will know'' which implies its temporal love as she tried to replace her first love but the looks on her face implies she knows he's irreplaceable.In the fighting scene, we see her lover get shot down to the ground which suggests there is need to hide as there is danger ahead. There is no color besides black and white enhancing the World War II theme which helps insetting the audience's mood. This also helps to show without each other,they do not have color in their lives linking to scenes where they are together, you see a range of bright colors used.In the last scene, Katy sings ''And bust in the door'' Desires for his presents to reappear but the tragic nature is depicted visually as she' s forced to close the door implying he won't return. A long shot is taken as Katy is seen walking away on the same road her lover walked in which could mean that the guy she was in bed with was temporally as her lover will always be in her heart no matter where she goes, but the only place she's going right now is to attend his funeral.
To further emphasis features in this video, we are introduced to Mise En Scene which assists the story visually while also attracting audience with potential interests. Costumes were specially picked to emphasize their genders. Men are dressed to masculine standards such as this man, who wears a rugged shirt to showcase muscles or her lover, who wears army uniform symbolizing power and strength. Katy wears provocative clothing which is rather flattering and revealing which as a result is attractive to her audience. Lighting was used keenly during throwback scenes such as bright lighting which symbolized the happier periods. The director pays a lot of attention to lighting as it reflects on the lyrics as all she longs for is to be with her first lover which is shown 1 min 44 seconds we see her new lover kiss her but he's in the shadow which portrays unlike her first lover, he doesn't make her as happy as she's covered by the shadow.
The main narrative role is played by Katy in order to promote her music as she's the main focus of the video. This is beneficial as her audience would look up to her as she sings and acts attracting attention from other industries increasing her chances to make profit and fan base.
More makeup is worn with her new lover than when she was with her old lover symbolise how she's self conscious of herself with her new lover as she can't show her true self to anybody else besides him. Props are used throughout to help tell the story better such as the notebook. It has a picture of her first love which helps amplify the story line.The overall settings assist the enhancing of the romantic and tragic story line as we see they use romantic location for the house, summer setting in the fields when they are in love showing us you do not need a lot to be happy in life. Then it's more tragic, we see that people are shouting,falling down, everything becomes black and white which shows us her true happiness has gone. In conclusion, this make the lyrics of the song standout more as it explains to us her pain and his irreplaceablity.
A new established shot conveyed her previous life before her lover went to war. Lighting elements became brighter and settings more romantic. These romantic gestures, such as their bright smiles around each other or spending time during sun set while sitting in a field is used to convey their happiness around each other. The director uses video editing cuts which are usually seen in pop videos to a panning shot from Katy Perry to her new lover lying down as she sings ''I guess the second best is all I will know'' which implies its temporal love as she tried to replace her first love but the looks on her face implies she knows he's irreplaceable.In the fighting scene, we see her lover get shot down to the ground which suggests there is need to hide as there is danger ahead. There is no color besides black and white enhancing the World War II theme which helps insetting the audience's mood. This also helps to show without each other,they do not have color in their lives linking to scenes where they are together, you see a range of bright colors used.In the last scene, Katy sings ''And bust in the door'' Desires for his presents to reappear but the tragic nature is depicted visually as she' s forced to close the door implying he won't return. A long shot is taken as Katy is seen walking away on the same road her lover walked in which could mean that the guy she was in bed with was temporally as her lover will always be in her heart no matter where she goes, but the only place she's going right now is to attend his funeral.
To further emphasis features in this video, we are introduced to Mise En Scene which assists the story visually while also attracting audience with potential interests. Costumes were specially picked to emphasize their genders. Men are dressed to masculine standards such as this man, who wears a rugged shirt to showcase muscles or her lover, who wears army uniform symbolizing power and strength. Katy wears provocative clothing which is rather flattering and revealing which as a result is attractive to her audience. Lighting was used keenly during throwback scenes such as bright lighting which symbolized the happier periods. The director pays a lot of attention to lighting as it reflects on the lyrics as all she longs for is to be with her first lover which is shown 1 min 44 seconds we see her new lover kiss her but he's in the shadow which portrays unlike her first lover, he doesn't make her as happy as she's covered by the shadow.
The main narrative role is played by Katy in order to promote her music as she's the main focus of the video. This is beneficial as her audience would look up to her as she sings and acts attracting attention from other industries increasing her chances to make profit and fan base.
More makeup is worn with her new lover than when she was with her old lover symbolise how she's self conscious of herself with her new lover as she can't show her true self to anybody else besides him. Props are used throughout to help tell the story better such as the notebook. It has a picture of her first love which helps amplify the story line.The overall settings assist the enhancing of the romantic and tragic story line as we see they use romantic location for the house, summer setting in the fields when they are in love showing us you do not need a lot to be happy in life. Then it's more tragic, we see that people are shouting,falling down, everything becomes black and white which shows us her true happiness has gone. In conclusion, this make the lyrics of the song standout more as it explains to us her pain and his irreplaceablity.
research data
Quantitative Research-
This involves mainly three types of statistics and facts rather than emotions like surveys for example:
This is a more open form of research which is usually in the form of face-to-face conversations in person or even on Skype calls for example. This often focuses more on the feelings and emotions associated with the answer rather than just collecting numbers. Some more examples of this type of this research would be:
This involves mainly three types of statistics and facts rather than emotions like surveys for example:
- Original information - This can be collected from advertisements either online, or even on telephone surveys however, it can be longitudinal in nature especially when collecting answers which are used to be compared over time.
- Transaction data reviews - This is usually collected without the overt questioning style of a survey but rather collected within registration databases which is more of a survey style of data collections. They contain transaction information which is usually internal information caught by a brand and not directly collected for audience research purposes.
- Web Analytics - This is very close to transaction information as its very good for monitoring online behavior. This usually would be held outside or on the edge of brand's domain signposting paths to digital interactions.
This is a more open form of research which is usually in the form of face-to-face conversations in person or even on Skype calls for example. This often focuses more on the feelings and emotions associated with the answer rather than just collecting numbers. Some more examples of this type of this research would be:
- Focus group or individual in-depth interviews - This consists of a group of people sharing their thoughts and information about the service, product, campaign or even a specific topic. This is useful as you can observe their body language which sometimes speaks more than words.
- Case studies - This would be a qualitative ethnographic method of studying the interaction which is between an individual, product or system and the context of its environment. There is a disadvantage with case studies as people who conduct this research methods usually end up relying on the interpretation of the original researcher which may affect the validity of the findings.
There are also multiple types of research data available. It can be grouped into four different categories based on their methods of collection. As stated by libguides, these are the 4 available
Observational Data
Observational data are captured through observation of a behavior or activity. It is collected using methods such as human observation, open-ended surveys, or the use of an instrument or sensor to monitor and record information such as the use of sensors to observe noise levels at the Mpls/St Paul airport. Because observational data are captured in real time, it would be very difficult or impossible to re-create if lost. |
Experimental Data
Experimental data are collected through active intervention by the researcher to produce and measure change or to create difference when a variable is altered. Experimental data typically allows the researcher to determine a causal relationship and is typically projectable to a larger population. This type of data are often reproducible, but it often can be expensive to do so. |
Simulation Data
Simulation data are generated by imitating the operation of a real-world process or system over time using computer test models. For example, to predict weather conditions, economic models, chemical reactions, or seismic activity. This method is used to try to determine what would, or could, |
happen under certain conditions. The test model used is often as, or even more, important than the data generated from the simulation.
Derived / Compiled Data
Derived data involves using existing data points, often from different data sources, to create new data through some sort of transformation, such as an arithmetic formula or aggregation. For example, combining area and population data from the Twin Cities metro area to create population density data. While this type of data can usually be replaced if lost, it may be very time-consuming (and possibly expensive) to do so. |
Case study - 13 reasons why
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Information, theme and genre:
13 Reasons why is based on the genre of teen drama and mystery. The most common theme would be repercussions better known as causes and the effect. The main actress Katherine Langford who plays the character Hannah Baker constantly reminds us how their actions had reverberating, pervasive effects on her life and the lives of others through tapes she left. |
Directors: N/A
Distributor: Netflix Writers: Brian Yorkey & Kate Walsh Cast: Dylan Minnette & Katherine Langford Synopsis: Thirteen Reasons Why, based on the best-selling books by Jay Asher, follows teenager Clay Jensen (Dylan Minnette) as he returns home from school to find a mysterious box with his name on it lying on his porch. Inside he discovers a group of cassette tapes recorded by Hannah Baker (Katherine Langford) -his classmate and crush-who tragically committed suicide two weeks earlier. On tape, Hannah unfolds an emotional audio diary, detailing the thirteen reasons why she decided to end her life. Through Hannah and Clay's dual narratives, Thirteen Reasons Why weaves an intricate and heartrending story of confusion and desperation that will deeply affect viewers. |
QUANTITATIVE AUDIENCE RESEARCH
Audience Ratings:
According to the British Board of Film Classifications, most of the episodes are seen to have 15 as the age rating which only means that the show would not be suitable for viewers under the age of 15. This age however increases its rating as four episodes, received an 18 age rating due to the ''Sexual violence and dangerous imitable behaviour, including portrayals of suicide and self-harm'' which are ''flagged in the BBFC's Classification Guidelines. '' This is why as a result, we see these episodes include warning texts on the screen which note the sexual assault, suicide, and violence in these episodes in order to warn the audience of the upcomming content. 'We would encourage any viewers or readers who have been affected by the content of this story to get in touch with Samaritans, who can listen and offer confidential support 24/7. You can call Samaritans free of charge on 116123, or find the details for your local branch at www.samaritans.org. Calls to Samaritans' helpline do not show up on phone bills.'
According to the British Board of Film Classifications, most of the episodes are seen to have 15 as the age rating which only means that the show would not be suitable for viewers under the age of 15. This age however increases its rating as four episodes, received an 18 age rating due to the ''Sexual violence and dangerous imitable behaviour, including portrayals of suicide and self-harm'' which are ''flagged in the BBFC's Classification Guidelines. '' This is why as a result, we see these episodes include warning texts on the screen which note the sexual assault, suicide, and violence in these episodes in order to warn the audience of the upcomming content. 'We would encourage any viewers or readers who have been affected by the content of this story to get in touch with Samaritans, who can listen and offer confidential support 24/7. You can call Samaritans free of charge on 116123, or find the details for your local branch at www.samaritans.org. Calls to Samaritans' helpline do not show up on phone bills.'
Critics comments, ratings and reviews:
Movies tend to rely on critics comments and ratings for multiple reasons. Some people decide to wait for ratings before seeing the movie/series to see if its really worth it. Ratings also increase chances for awards and lastly, this is also away of determining how to improve their work when the production company either creates a second movie or another season. Below are some of the most popular critical sites including rotten tomatos, IMDb, common sense media and google.
Movies tend to rely on critics comments and ratings for multiple reasons. Some people decide to wait for ratings before seeing the movie/series to see if its really worth it. Ratings also increase chances for awards and lastly, this is also away of determining how to improve their work when the production company either creates a second movie or another season. Below are some of the most popular critical sites including rotten tomatos, IMDb, common sense media and google.
When it comes to critics reviews, there are usually separated into 3 different categories. These would be:
- Dominant reading:
- Negotiated reading:
- Oppositional reading:
QUALITATIVE AUDIENCE RESEARCH
Quantitative audience research vs qualitative audience research
Quantitative Research-
This involves mainly three types of statistics and facts rather than emotions like surveys for example:
Qualitative Research -
This is a more open form of research which is usually in the form of face-to-face conversations in person or even on Skype calls for example. This often focuses more on the feelings and emotions associated with the answer rather than just collecting numbers. Some more examples of this type of this research would be:
In primary research you can gather information by yourself through:
Questionaires: a set of printed or written questions with a choice of answers, devised for the purposes of a survey or statistical study.
Surveys: Surveys are questions template is designed to collect information regarding to your research which helps the filmmaker understand the needs of the viewers through a selective amount of questions.
Focus groups: a group of people assembled to participate in a discussion about a product before it is launched, or to provide feedback on a political campaign, television series, etc.
Face-to-face Interviews: a meeting of people face to face, especially for consultation to see emotional type of reactions when talking about a specific topic since its more personal than generalised.
Primary research leaves you ensured that all the information gathered is correct and what you should remember is how you can always update any information if its required.
Secondary research is practically the opposite to primary research as all the information you find would have already been researched by someone else. This may be very useful if you have troubles finding first hand type of information. A good type of secondary research would be BARB (Broadcasters Audience Research Board) which is a website which measures all the views on TV's as well as show ratings because its a television research agency. This can assist any companys in finding ways to improve whatever they produce. The only issue with this type of research would be the fact it may be inaccurate.
Primary Target Audience
Viewership
Overall, within the first three days of its availability (May 18-20), “13 Reasons Why” season 2 garnered an average minute audience of over 2.6 million U.S. viewersacross all 13 episodes, per Nielsen.
Questionnaire
Quantitative Research-
This involves mainly three types of statistics and facts rather than emotions like surveys for example:
- Original information - This can be collected from advertisements either online, or even on telephone surveys however, it can be longitudinal in nature especially when collecting answers which are used to be compared over time.
- Transaction data reviews - This is usually collected without the overt questioning style of a survey but rather collected within registration databases which is more of a survey style of data collections. They contain transaction information which is usually internal information caught by a brand and not directly collected for audience research purposes.
- Web Analytics - This is very close to transaction information as its very good for monitoring online behavior. This usually would be held outside or on the edge of brand's domain signposting paths to digital interactions.
Qualitative Research -
This is a more open form of research which is usually in the form of face-to-face conversations in person or even on Skype calls for example. This often focuses more on the feelings and emotions associated with the answer rather than just collecting numbers. Some more examples of this type of this research would be:
- Focus group or individual in-depth interviews - This consists of a group of people sharing their thoughts and information about the service, product, campaign or even a specific topic. This is useful as you can observe their body language which sometimes speaks more than words.
- Case studies - This would be a qualitative ethnographic method of studying the interaction which is between an individual, product or system and the context of its environment. There is a disadvantage with case studies as people who conduct this research methods usually end up relying on the interpretation of the original researcher which may affect the validity of the findings.
In primary research you can gather information by yourself through:
Questionaires: a set of printed or written questions with a choice of answers, devised for the purposes of a survey or statistical study.
Surveys: Surveys are questions template is designed to collect information regarding to your research which helps the filmmaker understand the needs of the viewers through a selective amount of questions.
Focus groups: a group of people assembled to participate in a discussion about a product before it is launched, or to provide feedback on a political campaign, television series, etc.
Face-to-face Interviews: a meeting of people face to face, especially for consultation to see emotional type of reactions when talking about a specific topic since its more personal than generalised.
Primary research leaves you ensured that all the information gathered is correct and what you should remember is how you can always update any information if its required.
Secondary research is practically the opposite to primary research as all the information you find would have already been researched by someone else. This may be very useful if you have troubles finding first hand type of information. A good type of secondary research would be BARB (Broadcasters Audience Research Board) which is a website which measures all the views on TV's as well as show ratings because its a television research agency. This can assist any companys in finding ways to improve whatever they produce. The only issue with this type of research would be the fact it may be inaccurate.
Primary Target Audience
- About 75% of the viewers for “13 Reasons Why” were 34 or younger
- 65% female, 35% male
- Teenagers below the age of 17 with viewer discretion
- The show still would split 65% female 35% male
Viewership
Overall, within the first three days of its availability (May 18-20), “13 Reasons Why” season 2 garnered an average minute audience of over 2.6 million U.S. viewersacross all 13 episodes, per Nielsen.
Questionnaire
Audience Demographic
The main primary audience who would be interested in 13 Reasons Why would fall into the B,C1,C2/ This is because it is aimed at a wide range of people from different age groups however, people in this demographic would most likely be around middle class teenagers. The secondary audience would probably be D and E as there are aspects of the show they may enjoy. |
Audience Psychographic
Generally as seen above, there are different psychographics profiles but the ones that suit 12 Reasons Why the best would be the Reformers as they would seek freedom from any restrictions and personal growth through their social awareness and independent use of judgement. Another profile which younger audience members may have would most likely be the explorer one as they would value the experience and knowledge handed over to them through the show. |
This is the results: